Unit 11
I、上次课外练习参考译文：
凄风细雨，山路蜿蜒，我毫无兴致驱车前往女儿卡罗琳的家。可女儿一定要我前去看看山顶上的什么景致。
转过一条狭窄的小道我们停下车出来，沿着铺满厚厚一层松针的小路走去。头顶上高大的墨绿色常青树耸入云霄。渐渐地这地方的平和宁静开始令我陶醉。然后我们拐了个弯，我停下了脚步，惊诧不已。
从山顶往下好几英亩的山坡上，满是怒放的水仙花，犹如江河直下，越过山坳，穿过峡谷，一片五彩缤纷：有洁净无比的象牙白，有极其浓郁的柠檬黄，有鲜艳夺目的鲑鱼橙，如同一幅地毯展现在我们面前，令人眼花缭乱。仿佛太阳倾翻了，把一片金光溢泻到了山坡上。
一大堆问题在我的脑海中翻腾。谁创造了这种美景？为什么要创造？又是如何创造的？
我们走近这块宝地中央的屋子，只见一块牌子上写着：我知道你要问的问题，答案如下。答案一：一位妇女，一双手，两只脚 ，而且天资不高。答案二：一次种一株。答案三：开始于1958年。
驱车回家的路上，我为所见的一切感动不已，无言以对。“她改造了世界，”我终于说道。“一次种一株。她几乎40年前就开始了。当时也许只是一念之闪，但她持之以恒。” 这一奇观令我回味良久。“试想，”我说道，“如果我有一个梦想，并为之努力，每天干一点，最后我会做出怎样的成绩呢？”
II、英汉翻译原理第五讲： 有哪些常用的翻译技巧？
【例91】 We should help in ways which are mutually beneficial to both developing and developed countries.
×我们应以对发展中国家和发达国家双方都有利的方法援助。
【译文】 我们的援助方法应对发展中国家和发达国家双方都有利。
一、词性转译法：
（一）转译成动词：
【例92】 For Westerners in China, the establishment of an effective team of managers means attracting -- and retaining both expatriate and local management talent.
【译文】 对于在中国的西方人来说，建立一支有效的管理人员队伍意味着要同时吸引并留住来自海外的管理人才和本地的管理人才。
1、名词转译成动词：
【例93】 The remembrance of these will add zest to his life.
×对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。
【译文】 回想起这些事情，使他的生活增添了乐趣。
【例94】 He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people.
×他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。
【译文】 他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。
【例95】 Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws.
×其他政府活动则是各个州的责任，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。
【译文】 其他政府职能则由各个州来承担，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。
【例96】 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
【译文】 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，我感到特别神往。
【例97】 To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing.
【译文】 据我所知，有几台计算机失踪了。
【例98】 He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him.
×他是个好听众，所以他们喜欢同他谈话。
【译文】 他善于听取别人意见，所以他们喜欢同他谈心。
2、介词、副词转译成动词：
【例99】 With a rifle across his shoulder the boy was playing the soldier.
【译文】 那男孩肩上扛着枪在装士兵。
【例100】 They worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.
【译文】 他们吃的是简陋的饭菜，住的是寒冷的窑洞，在昏暗的灯光下长时间地工作。
【例101】 The street runs westward, across a GREat bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.
【译文】 这条大街向西而去，跨过一座大桥，延伸下坡后又上坡，经过了几家店铺和肉市，又越过了几幢平房，最后在一片开阔的绿草坪前突然到了尽头。
【例102】 Training as a salesperson would guarantee her some employment once her schooling was through.
【译文】 参加推销员培训就会确保他在学业完成以后能找到工作做。
3、形容词转译成动词：
【例103】 He must have been aware that his parents' marriage was breaking up.
【译文】 他一定已经知道父母的婚姻关系正在破裂。
【例104】 Our computerized stock control system is now operative.
【译文】 本公司的库存管理计算机系统现已运行。
【例105】 His indulgent mother was willing to let him do anything he wanted.
【译文】 他母亲很宠他，他不管想干什么她都愿意让他干。
III、课堂练习（运用各种翻译技巧，将下列句子译成流畅通顺的汉语）：
1. He who is subject to temptations tends to err.
2. It is the first time that the bigger hydraulic motors have been used in a UK application.
3. Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man's past wrong doings.
4. In the event of any conflict between this paragraph and the production acceptance test schedule, the latter shall prevail,
5. He had never been a medical student, yet he was given one of those rare honorary deGREes of Doctor of Science.
6. There were no sounds but that of the tread of the men and the footsteps of the two shaggy ponies which drew the van.
7. He studied law in his spare time and became a lawyer. He was a good speaker and student of political philosophy. His ability finally made a name for him.
8. The interest the United Nations has always shown in this problem, which has been a distinguishing feature of its work since its inception, has increased as the newly independent countries joined its ranks.
IV、课堂练习参考译文：
1. 不能抗拒诱惑的人往往要犯错误。
2. 这种大功率液压马达在英国的应用尚属首次。
3. 老人在同儿子谈话时宽恕了年轻人过去的种种劣迹。
4. 如本节所述内容与生产验收试验规范相冲突，则以试验规范为准。
5. 他从来没有上过医学院，但他却获得了理学博士这样难得的荣誉学位。
6. 此时只听见沙沙的脚步声和两匹鬃毛蓬松的拉车小马得得的马蹄声，除此之外，万籁俱寂。
7. 他利用业余时间攻读法律，后来当了律师。他口才很好，还精通政治哲学。他的才能最终使他出了名。
8. 联合国对这一问题始终非常关心，这是它成立以来工作中的一个显著特点。随着一些新独立国家加入联合国的队伍，这种关心更增强了。
V、课外练习（将以下短文译成汉语，注意运用各种翻译技巧使译文流畅通顺）：
The relationship many of us have with nature is characterized by our attitude toward insects. "Ugh! Yuk! There's a bug. Squash it!" It seems that ladybugs and butterflies are the only insects that escape the all-bugs-are-beastly attitude.
Hostility and fear are universally the products of ignorance, and our antagonism is no exception. One cannot deny that insects are a nuisance when their bites become sore, and a threat when they transmit disease, but, viewed dispassionately, even noxious insects are beautiful.
From having studied their fossilized remains, we know that insects have inhabited the earth for nearly 400 million years. Today we find them abundantly everywhere we look. Insects have been discovered on the snow of the polar caps and the peaks of high mountains.
Bees, wasps, ants and termites have intricate societies in which different members are specialized for foraging, defense and reproduction. The life of a worker honeybee is even separated into successive occupations: during the first three weeks the young worker grooms the queen and her eggs, cleans out the hive, cools it by wing-fanning at the entrance, and attacks or walls in intruders. Only after this apprenticeship is the graduate allowed to leave the hive and forage for nectar and pollen.
Add to such behavior the fact that some ants use leaf fragments as spoons in which to carry soft food back to their nest, and one is tempted to describe insects as "intelligent" and begin to make comparisons between insect and human societies.
It saddens me that people deny themselves the simple pleasure of appreciating the exquisite elegance of even the more common insects. Only a moment with a hand lens is required to discover a new world of design and beauty. (288 words)
目录：
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之1
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之2
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之3
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之4
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之5
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之6
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之7
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之8
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之9
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之10
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之11
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之12
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之13
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之14
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之15
名师翻译讲义之11
2023-01-07英汉翻译
