Unit 7
I、上次课外练习参考译文：
一天中我最喜欢的是最后那段时刻－－至少是醒着的最后那段时刻。我再三努力不让眨动的眼皮合上，不让书本掉落在胸前，这时候我知道真的该入睡了。我深情地把书放在身边的床上。我们一起入睡－－我和我的书，我和书中的人物，我和交杂的梦境，都一起入睡。
躺在床上看书似乎成了家传。上一次母亲帮我照看孩子时，我回到家里发现整幢房子一片漆黑，只有两处微弱的灯光。一处在我儿子的房间，我看到八岁的儿子拿着一本《鸡皮疙瘩》，打着电筒躲在被窝里看书。房子的那头，母亲拿着书已经打起盹来。
差不多在这一老一小的中间就是我：一个已经长大成人的昔日女孩，过去经常在野营时把《南茜•德鲁》漫画藏在被窝里与之同眠，一位将来帮儿子照看小孩的老奶奶，儿子回家时发现母亲已经心满意足地脸上盖着书本呼呼入睡。
我没有按照传统的分类方法把书分为小说类和非小说类、长篇类和短篇类、修身养性类和娱乐消遣类，而是把床头读物分为催人入眠类和驱散睡意类。两类书籍各得其所。就在昨天晚上，我挑了一本薄薄的但文字密集的文学评论。我知道这本书会让我倒下就睡着。与之完全不同的另一类则是情节紧张扣人心弦的书，如犯罪小说、爱情故事、生活喜剧，书中的叙事充满魅力令你不忍打断，书中的世界引人入胜使你难舍难离，你会一页又一页地翻下去，一直看到十二点钟过后。
II、英汉翻译原理第三讲：怎样理解原文？（续）
六、要理解词语不同用法时的不同含义：
【例53】 They were distressful memories to her.
×它们都是她感到悲伤的回忆。
【译文】 这些都是勾起她痛苦回忆的往事，
【例54】 Anyone who doubts that global financial markets control national economies need only look at the crisis facing the "tigers" of the Far East.
×任何认为全球金融市场未必能左右国民经济的人，只须环视一下笼罩着远东“四小龙”的那场金融危机。
【译文】 无论是谁，如果认为世界各国金融市场未必能控制各国经济，只须看一看远东地区的“四小龙”所面临的这场金融危机就明白了。
【例55】 Concerned farmers are building terraces on hilly fields, rotating their crops, and using new plowing methods to cut soil losses significantly.
【译文】 关注事态的农民们在山地上修造梯田，实行轮作，并采用新法耕作以大幅度减少土壤流失。
七、要注意省略和替代部分的理解：
【例56】 "Has he sold his collection yet?" "He has some of the paintings; I'm not sure about the rest."
ד他的藏画全都卖了吗？” “他有一些画，其他的我说不准。”
【译文】 “他的藏画全都卖了吗？” “有一部分画他已经卖了，其他的我说不准。”
【例57】 In other words there is at work in the language of a man, or of an age even, a constant principle of selection.
【译文】 换句话说，不仅一个人的语言，甚至于一个时代的语言，都不断受到淘汰原理的影响。
【例58】 A causeless event or thing, we cannot think of any more than we can of a stick with only one end.
【译文】 我们不可能设想有哪件事情是无缘无故产生的，就像我们不可能设想有哪根棍子只有一头一样。
【例59】 We are human and human beings are far from perfect. To be human implies that we will make mistakes. But it's more than that we feel human. We now feel entitled.
【译文】 我们是凡人，而凡人远非十全十美。作为凡人就是说我们会犯错误。但是，我们觉得自己是凡人不仅仅由于我们会犯错误。我们如今感到有权利犯错误。
【例60】 You have acted as if you do; but I don't think you do.
【译文】 你装出好象很喜欢我的样子，可我觉得你并不喜欢我。
III、课堂练习（正确理解以下各句，并在正确理解的基础上将其译成汉语）：
1. If anyone has the right to hope he can solve what to most physicists would seem unsolvable, he has.
2. By taking thought, men can move mountains -- and have.He had retired to private prayer in his chamber.
3. Many considerations go into growing the most flavorful produce, and the simple fact of being certified "organic" is not guarantee.
4. Senate Majority Leader George Mitchel hit the ceiling, as did most other Democrats, who immediately declared themselves allergic to taxes.
5. Two of the largest and most powerful nations of the world have since 1950 lived in isolated ignorance of one another and mutual fear and hate.
6. At the meeting, Johnson was very critical of Smith's record, but she was able to blunt his attack by showing that he had a private grievance against her.
7. Along with strong incentive and education systems, third-wave companies maintain an openness to outside ideas and a tolerance for failure that help to keep innovative thinking alive.
8. When he dined with his sister that evening, Madeline helped herself to a cigarette from his pack on the table, and lit and smoke it inexpertly. Her defiant, self-satisfied, somewhat pathetic air made Warren laugh.
IV、课堂练习参考译文：
1. 如果说谁有权利希望自己能解决大多数物理学家似乎无法解决的问题，那么他就有这种权利。
2. 人们只要动脑筋，就能移山填海－－而且人们已经这样做了。
3. 最具风味的农产品的种植涉及到许多因素，而仅仅获得“天然产品”的认证并不能保证什么。
4. 参议院多数党领袖米契尔和大多数民主党人士都大发雷霆，他们立即宣称无法忍受增税。
5. 自1950年以来，世界上两个地域最大、实力最强的国家彼此隔离，毫无了解，相互间既恐惧又敌视。
6. 在会上，约翰逊百般指责史密斯过去的所作所为，但史密斯指出约翰逊对她有私仇，因而削弱了约翰逊攻击的锋芒。
7. 第三次浪潮时代的企业除了需要有力的激励和教育机制外，还应善于接受外界的思想，善于容忍失败，这样才有利于思想上的活跃创新。
8. 华伦那天跟妹妹美德琳一起吃晚饭时， 妹妹从桌上他的烟盒里取出一支香烟，不太在行地抽了起来。她那种不可一世、自鸣得意、又有点惹人爱怜的神气引得华伦哈哈大笑。
V、课外练习（正确理解下列短文，并将其译成汉语）：
Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to woman.
Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required.
This is true even in politics. "When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently," says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. The were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes. (332 words)
目录：
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之1
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之2
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之3
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之4
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之5
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之6
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之7
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之8
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之9
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之10
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之11
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之12
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之13
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之14
复旦大学名师翻译讲义之15
