Greenhouse gases — Carbon footprint of products — Requirements and guidelines for quantification
Gaz à effet de serre — Empreinte carbone des produits — Exigences
ContentsPage
Forewordv
Introductionvi
1Scope1
2Normative references1
3Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms1
3.1Terms and definitions1
3.1.1Quantification of the carbon footprint of a product2
3.1.2Greenhouse gases4
3.1.3Products, product systems and processes5
3.1.4Life cycle assessment7
3.1.5Organizations8
3.1.6Data and data quality9
3.1.7Biogenic material and land use10
3.2Abbreviated terms11
4Application11
5Principles11
5.1General11
5.2Life cycle perspective11
5.3Relative approach and functional or declared unit12
5.4Iterative approach12
5.5Priority of scientific approach12
5.6Relevance12
5.7Completeness12
5.8Consistency12
5.9Coherence12
5.10Accuracy12
5.11Transparency13
5.12Avoidance of double-counting13
6Methodology for quantification of the CFP and partial CFP13
6.1General13
6.2Use of CFP–PCR13
6.3Goal and scope definition14
6.3.1Goal of a CFP study14
6.3.2Scope of a CFP study14
6.3.3Functional or declared unit15
6.3.4System boundary15
6.3.5Data and data quality16
6.3.6Time boundary for data17
6.3.7Use stage and use profile18
6.3.8End-of-life stage18
6.4Life cycle inventory analysis for the CFP19
6.4.1General19
6.4.2Data collection20
6.4.3Validation of data20
6.4.4Relating data to unit process and functional or declared unit20
6.4.5Refining the system boundary20
6.4.6Allocation21
6.4.7CFP performance tracking22
6.4.8Assessing the effect of the timing of GHG emissions and removals23
6.4.9Treatment of specific GHG emissions and removals23
6.5Impact assessment for CFP or partial CFP29
6.5.1General29
6.5.2Impact assessment of biogenic carbon29
6.6Interpretation of CFP or partial CFP29
7CFP study report30
7.1General30
7.2GHG values in the CFP study report30
7.3Required information for the CFP study report31
7.4Optional information for the CFP study report32
8Critical review32
Annex A (normative) Limitations of the CFP33
Annex B (normative) Comparison based on the CFP of different products35
Annex C (normative) The CFP systematic approach36
Annex D (informative) Possible procedures for the treatment of recycling in CFP studies38
Annex E (informative) Guidance on quantifying GHG emissions and removals for
agricultural and forestry products42
Bibliography
Introduction
Climate change arising from anthropogenic activity has been identified as one of the greatest challenges facing the world and will continue to affect business and citizens over future decades.
Climate change has implications for both human and natural systems and could lead to significant impacts on resource availability, economic activity and human wellbeing. In response, international, regional, national and local initiatives are being developed and implemented by public and private sectors to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere as well as to facilitate adaptation to climate change.
There is a need for an effective and progressive response to the urgent threat of climate change on the basis of the best available scientific knowledge. ISO produces documents that support the transformation of scientific knowledge into tools that will help address climate change.
GHG initiatives on mitigation rely on the quantification, monitoring, reporting and verification of GHG emissions and/or removals.
The ISO 14060 family provides clarity and consistency for quantifying, monitoring, reporting and validating or verifying GHG emissions and removals to support sustainable development through a low-carbon economy. It also benefits organizations, project proponents and stakeholders worldwide by providing clarity and consistency on quantifying, monitoring, reporting, and validating or verifying GHG emissions and removals. Specifically, the use of the ISO 14060 family:
—enhances the environmental integrity of GHG quantification;
—enhances the credibility, consistency, and transparency of GHG quantification, monitoring, reporting, validation and verification;
—facilitates the development and implementation of GHG management strategies and plans;
—facilitates the development and implementation of mitigation actions through emission reductions or removal enhancements;
—facilitates the ability to track performance and progress in the reduction of GHG emissions and/or increase in GHG removals.
Applications of the ISO 14060 family include:
—corporate decisions, such as identifying GHG emission reduction opportunities and increasing profitability by reducing energy consumption;
—carbon risk management, such as the identification and management of risks and opportunities;
—voluntary initiatives, such as participation in voluntary GHG registries or sustainability reporting initiatives;
—GHG markets, such as the buying and selling of GHG allowances or credits;
—regulatory/government GHG programmes, such as credit for early action, agreements or national and local reporting initiatives.
ISO 14064-1 details principles and requirements for designing, developing, managing and reporting organization-level GHG inventories.
It includes requirements for determining GHG emission and removal boundaries, quantifying an organization’s GHG emissions and removals, and identifying specific company actions or activities aimed at improving GHG management.
It also includes requirements and guidance on inventory quality management, reporting, internal auditing and the organization’s responsibilities in verification activities.
ISO 14067-2018.doc
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